Deposits of the foundation and the rituals of erecting the temple.
Before starting the construction of any temple in ancient Egypt, a set of procedures and religious rituals took place first before construction.
When the king or queen orders the building of a temple for his god or god, the appropriate place is chosen first, then the ritual practice of the temple is started, and this is done on a night when the moon is a crescent in one of the months of the winter season.
The rituals of building the temple are practised during different periods before the construction of the temple, during its construction, until its opening. The four for the temple determine its area and tighten, tie, and fasten the rope in these pegs.
It consists of laying the foundation stone for the temple while determining the design and dimensions of the temple and linking the entrances and exits with the locations of the stars.
One of the earliest texts referring to these rituals was inscribed on a granite door jamb belonging to King Khaa Sekhmwei of the Second Dynasty.
The Metropolitan Museum mission discovered in the deposit excavations the foundation of the Temple of the Holy of the Holies of Amun, known as the Temple of Hatshepsut in Deir el-Bahari in 1923, on a cylindrical vessel made of alabaster dating back to the reign of Queen Hatshepsut and it has hieroglyphic writing on both the body and the lid of the cylindrical vessel, which are foundational inscriptions that record an important ritual and ritual. In the foundation of the temple, it is a tug-of-war ritual.
As we discussed these rituals, we notice that there are 10 basic rituals for the construction process that may differ from one temple to another in some rituals, but there are essential rituals that do not change, and they are
tug-of-war rite
Where the king, along with the priestess of the goddess Seshat, determines the area of ​​the temple and places 4 legs in the corners of the temple, starting from the north to the south, then from the east to the west, and a rope is connected between them as previously indicated.
Rite throwing plaster on the designated area to build the temple from order cleansing
Rite foundation pits numbers.
Rite pours sand on foundation pits.
Making the base brick is done by the king placing the silt inside a rectangle that takes shape and size of the brick and then leaves it to dry.
Placing foundation deposits that include grains, oils, fruits, ox thighs and pottery vessels in the foundation pits that were previously dug in the corners of the temple in addition to placing them under the doors and external walls of the temple and obelisks and in separate places of the temple in the belief that they expel evil spirits and bring good spirits.
The ritual of Bata, i.e., pitching the land to lay the foundations and start building, begins with laying the foundation stone that the king previously made.
The temple was completely cleansed after its construction.
The ritual of giving the house to his master and was carried out at dawn on the Eve of the Egyptian New Year is the flood season. The temple is presented to the god or deities prepared for him, and this is done in a procession led by the king, the statue of the intended god and some of the main deities heading towards the temple. And before the god enters the temple, the king knocks on the temple door, perhaps to expel evil spirits, and then the statue of the god is placed in the Holy of Holies after the ceremony.
Offering sacrifices and sacrifices to God, which usually includes
A bull’s thigh – a whole goose or just it’s head.