King Thutmose III Botanical Garden at Karnak Temple Luxor
The first botanical garden in the world was established by King Thutmose III in the Temple of Karnak in the twenty-fifth year of his reign after the death of Queen Hatshepsut.
In the twenty-fourth year of his reign, the king erected the temple of “Akh Menu” (the illuminating or useful monument) at the Karnak temple. This temple includes three main parts.
Rooms in the east, in the middle of the Holy of Holies, and next to it in the north is a four-band hall known as the Botanical Garden because of the interesting scenes of plants, birds, and animals that King Thutmose III brought from Syria in the twenty-fifth year of his rule to the temple garden.
The king brought many flowers he chose to plant in Egypt, planted in “goodness,” and bore fruit.
Plant species were engraved on the walls of one of his halls, which were planted in the garden.
The inscriptions say that in the twenty-fifth year, the king brought these plants and a group of birds and animals housed in Thebes, as shown on the hall’s walls.
Although the upper part of the walls on which it was painted has been demolished, what remains of the lower part shows what that garden included.
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