Pyramids of the Fifth Dynasty
By the end of the Fourth Dynasty, the era of the great stone pyramids ended, and the rest to this day. Still, the kings of Egypt did not stop building the pyramids, but at lower costs and with cheaper materials and smaller sizes, which offered many of them to demolish over the passage of days and years, but despite that, many of these pyramids remain to Exist in Egypt, albeit in a way that is more time-sensitive than its predecessors.
The scribbled pyramid or the pyramid of Userkaf is located at the northeastern end of the step pyramid of Djoser, and a visitor to the pyramid of Djoser can easily see it. The pyramid was founded by King Userkaf, founder of the Fifth Dynasty, with a complete funerary group containing a temple and a pyramid for his wife’s tomb. The pyramid now appears as a collection of rubble. The sand is solid, and for this reason, people called it the scratched pyramid. The original height of the pyramid was 49 meters. Small limestone was used to save costs, unlike the pyramids of its predecessors that used large, strong stones in the core of the pyramid. The inclination angle was 53 °, and it was covered from the outside with a layer of limestone, giving it an appearance similar to the pyramid of Khufu when it opened, but with a difference. Still, it remains for the pyramid despite its occupation that it remains to this day even with the saving of expenses.
Sahure’s pyramid, Sahure is the second king of the Fifth Dynasty, the son of King Userkaf, founder of the family. Like his father, the king built his pyramid to rationalise expenses and used a limestone base instead of a fixed stone base and the core of the pyramid of small limestone. Sahure also built a funerary group Large and distinctive in front of its pyramid; the original height of the pyramid was 49 meters with the same angle of inclination as the pyramid of his father and his predecessors. Still, the reason for the appearance of the current pyramid is the theft of many of its stores throughout the ages, so that the burial room in the heart of the pyramid was stolen, which gave the pyramid its appearance. Current, the pyramid is located in the Abu Sir area, which is the preferred area for the Fifth Dynasty kings to build their pyramids.
The pyramid of Neferr Karai Kakai, the third pyramid of the Fifth Dynasty for the third of its kings, historians disagreed as to whether Neferr Karra Kakai was the son of Sahure or his brother. Still, his pyramid was destined to be a great pyramid had it not been for the change in design during construction that poisoned the king’s death and left it for those after him to complete it. Originally, the pyramid would be in the form of a graded pyramid despite the expiration of this type of pyramid from the era of the Third Dynasty. It was also decided that the pyramid would be painted after its completion with limestone, so the pyramid’s core was built of stone. It was decided to change the design to become a complete pyramid instead of a pyramid A runway to complete the construction during the work. Yet, Nefer R Kara Kakai remains the longest pyramid in the Abu Sir area, with a height of 52 meters. Unlike its predecessors, there is no funerary group or temples with the pyramid except that the Abu Sir papyrus, known as the Fifth Dynasty, was discovered. The current on which the pyramid appears results from the theft of its stones throughout the ages; even the burial room was stolen stones and the coffin and the mummy, there is no trace of anything in it.
The pyramid of Ni Os Ra, the last of the kings who built the pyramids in the Abu Sir area, shared the pyramid with its predecessors in construction and the fate of stealing stones and being affected by erosion factors. Due to the pyramid’s construction in the middle of the pyramid of Sahure and Neferar Karai Kakai, it is restricted in space and costs. However, the height of the original pyramid was 52 meters, and only a pile of rubble remains of it.